Google's Mission, Ethical Principles and Involvement in China Case Study

Google's Mission, Ethical Principles and Involvement in China - Case Study Example all, alluding to the oversight forced by the Chinese experts on Google web index that were considered rebellious and politically touchy especially crackdown of demonstrators in Tiananmen Square (Levin, 2014). This crucial additionally impacted Google’s procedure to neutralize control and to comply with the laws and guidelines of the nation they are working in. To such an extent that in 2010, Google got exasperated with China’s restriction arrangements that it pulled out its activity out of China (Goldman, 2015). Google’s fellow benefactor Sergei Brin even reported that our own sites and for the Internet in general we have worked eagerly to battle web restriction around the world(Goldman, 2015). The Chinese market anyway simply end up being unreasonably significant for Google to overlook that in May of 2012, the organization declared â€Å"an against restriction include †under the appearance of improving pursuit quality† (Wright, 2013) which means that the organization is respecting the control requests of the Chinese power. During those seasons of restriction of the Chinese government against Google, the administration of Google decayed that it favored sel f-control over terrible and no business and have the option to give more data than no data by any stretch of the imagination. Self-control is Google’s bargain to have the option to work in China that it would be â€Å"better to give Chinese clients access to a restricted measure of data, than to none at all†. This may not be the perfect route for Google to work in China however it additionally needs to observe the laws and guideline of the nation that it is working in. Self-restriction to adhere to the laws and guidelines of the host nation doesn't imply that Google is as of now being insidious. It might be a trade off yet it is as yet steady with Google’s mission. The control in the Chinese market is not, at this point new to Google too. Google likewise had rehearsed self-oversight in France, Germany and Poland to boycott genius Nazi data all things considered

BIET 336 (Individual recommendation report) Essay

BIET 336 (Individual suggestion report) - Essay Example This report involves conversations on the strategies that crooks use during vehicle robbery; with two suggestions on alleviating the episode. Taking vehicles has just negative impacts in USA; and lawbreakers utilize different taking strategies. The Carjacking practice involves taking vehicles through power. Carjacking is intense in light of the fact that the vehicle proprietors are for the most part ambushed. Carjacking involves hoodlums heading out the vehicle, in the wake of constraining the travelers or administrators from the vehicle. Car burglary likewise includes fake robbery. This involves the unlawful securing of vehicles from the proprietor or vender, by deceitful subsidizes move. Most cars procured through this unlawful strategy are quickly exchanged from that point (Lesikar 346). The table underneath represents car robbery expanding measurements in the USA. Hoodlums utilize different types of gear during vehicle robbery. Weapons like guns or blade are for the most part applied during carjacking occurrences. The weapons are utilized to break vehicle windows or compromise the vehicle proprietor. Save wires and screw drivers are utilized for interfacing the start and the force source during vehicle burglary. This force association empowers the hoodlums to drive away the vehicles. In the 2012 and 2013 examination of vehicle robbery figures by the National Automobile Club; there are urban areas with diminished vehicle burglary rates (Los Angeles, and San Diego). This has been made conceivable through customary police watches in the urban communities. Police on the lookout are answerable for directing arbitrary minds vehicles. Different urban areas have huge increment in vehicle burglary rates (New York and Dallas). This is ascribed to expanded false vehicle robbery in influenced urban communities. The crooks secure the vehicles through unlawful strategies. There are huge contrasts among expanded and diminished vehicle burglary rates. This is on the grounds that the two arrangements of influenced urban areas utilize various systems in checking the vehicle robbery practice; urban communities which utilize successful methodologies like

Wernickes Area Location and Function

Wernicke's Area Location and Function Theories Cognitive Psychology Print Wernickes Area Location and Function By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on October 28, 2019 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW on October 28, 2019 More in Theories Cognitive Psychology Behavioral Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology Wernickes area is the region of the brain that is important for language development. It is located in the temporal lobe on the left side of the brain and is responsible for the comprehension of speech, while Brocas area is related to the production of speech. Language development  or usage can be seriously impaired by damage to Wernickes area of the brain. When this area of the brain is damaged, a disorder known as Wernickes aphasia  can result, with the person being able to speak in phrases that sound fluent yet lack meaning. Location While the location of Wernickes area is sometimes displayed visually as being in the left cerebral hemisphere near a large groove known as the lateral sulcus, the exact location of this region is still debated. Wernickes area is usually thought to be located in the back part of the temporal lobe, although the exact location can vary. It is most frequently found in the left hemisphere of the brain, but not always. Brain Anatomy Lobes, Structures, and Functions How Wernicke’s Area Was Discovered Early neuroscientists were interested in discovering where certain abilities were localized in the brain. This localization of brain function suggests that certain abilities, such as producing and understanding language, are controlled by certain parts of the brain. One of the pioneers of this research was a French neurologist named Paul Broca. During the early 1870s, Paul Broca discovered a region of the brain associated with the production of spoken language. He found that damage to this area resulted in problems producing language. Broca described how one patient known as Leborgne could understand language although he could not speak aside from isolated words and a few other utterances. When Leborgne died, Broca conducted a postmortem exam on the mans brain and found a lesion in an area of the frontal lobe. This area of the brain is now referred to as Brocas area and is associated with the production of speech. About 10 years later, a neurologist named Carl Wernicke identified a similar type of problem in which patients were able to speak but were not able to actually comprehend language. Examining the brains of patients suffering from this language problem revealed lesions at a junction of the parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes. This region of the brain is now known as Wernickes area and is associated with the understanding of spoken and written language. Wernickes Aphasia When Wernicke’s area is damaged by trauma or disease, a language aphasia can result. An aphasia is an impairment of language that affects an individuals ability to comprehend and produce both spoken and written communication. This type of aphasia is known as Wernickes aphasia but is also sometimes referred to as fluent aphasia, sensory aphasia, or receptive aphasia. Wernickes aphasia is a language disorder that impacts language comprehension and the production of meaningful language due to damage to the Wernickes area of the brain. According to the National Aphasia Association, people with Wernickes aphasia can frequently produce speech that sounds normal and grammatically correct. The actual content of this speech makes little sense. Non-existent and irrelevant words are often included in the sentences that these individuals produce. Symptoms of Wernickes aphasia include: Making up meaningless wordsProducing sentences that do not make senseSpeaking in a way that sounds normal but lacks meaningDifficulty repeating words or phrases  Being unaware of problems with speech Individuals with Wernickes aphasia have difficulty understanding spoken language but are able to produce sounds, phrases, and word sequences. While these utterances have the same rhythm as normal speech, they are not a language because no information is conveyed. This type of aphasia affects both spoken and written language. In order to better understand how damage to Wernicke’s area affects language, it might be helpful to view  a video clip  of an individual with Wernicke’s aphasia. The National Aphasia Association estimates that around 25â€"40% of people who have had a stroke also experience some type of aphasia. Strokes are one of the most common causes, but Wernickes aphasia can also be the result of traumatic brain injury, neurological disorders, brain tumors, and brain infections. Modern Views It was originally believed that Wernickes area was responsible for making meaningful speech, while Brocas area was believed to be responsible for actually turning speech into comprehensible vocalizations.   Today, researchers understand that language comprehension and production is a complex process that involves a network of different regions of the brain. For example, studies suggest that Wernickes area plays a role in the comprehension of meaningful speech as well as a part in speech production itself.   Not only that, evidence suggests that damage to Wernickes area of the brain does not always result in problems with language comprehension. Based on such evidence, it is clear that language involves more than just one or two different regions of the brain. Left Brain vs. Right Brain: The Surprising Truth

An Individual s Identity By Steinberg / Zimmerman And...

In understanding Gender thus far through the eyes of this course my response is personality characteristics cannot be fundamentally attributed to an individual’s identity let alone not done successfully. The fact that previous cases have shown that the judicial system do not categorize gender roles fairly among people show that it should be at the fore front of court cases to try to gentrify the thinking on what men can do versus what women can do. That both Genders have the ability to acquire different skills in the workplace as well as other economic areas of life. In knowing that we as a society in an age where the classic gender roles are switching and/or changing can help future court cases/justices think different to claims in the work place. The two articles to support my claim will be Doing Gender by West/Zimmerman and Deconstructing Gender: Applications of Feminist Legal Theory by Steinberg/Weisberg in fact will show how there’re biases when it comes to gender roles in macro sense of society and micro sense of the day to day work place. An individual’s biological sex or gender they may identify with should not be claims to stereotype women and/or men into traditional roles. To say a women should be more domesticated (cook, clean, care taker, sensitive and if working roles: nurses), is the same notion to stereotype but nationality or race. In the article Doing Gender West and Zimmerman brings a few points on how gender roles and the display of gender focus more on

The Leadership Style Of The Affiliative Leader - 901 Words

The affiliative leader connects people to one another forming harmony. Thus, valuing peoples emotional needs and their feelings more so than achieving goals or tasks. Such leaders make every effort to keep employees satisfied, create harmony, and build team significance. For example, a leader offering an employee emotional support when they are experiencing hard times in their personal lives builds loyalty and strengths connectedness. This leadership style has a positive impact on the climate when used to improve morale or rebuild broken trust within a company. However, when used incorrectly, employees may think poor performance is acceptable. Effective affiliative leaders are skillful in collaboration. Without a doubt; my supervisor lacks the collaborative competency. The last thing he is concerned about is promoting harmony or fostering personal relationships. His agenda comes before an employee’s emotional needs regardless of the trials and tribulations they are underg oing. For instance, a fellow co-workers wife had heart surgery; therefore, he requested to take a few days off to help her during recovery. Unfortunately, the days were not approved because of the co-workers lack of production. Apparently, my supervisor has no empathy or concern to keep employees happy. It should be noted, the affiliative style should be used in conjunction with other leadership styles so that poor performance does not go uncorrected. Democratic TheShow MoreRelatedHow Leadership Styles Influence On An Organization s Climate Essay1019 Words   |  5 Pages The article of Leadership That Gets Results provides the six leadership styles for individuals to understand how leadership styles influence on an organization’s climate. Furthermore, the six leadership styles are consisted of the emotional intelligence: self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, and social skill. Therefore, these three concepts, such as the six leadership styles, the elements of emotional intelligence, and an organization’s climate, will influence each other because theRead MoreLeadership Styles Of A Nurse Leader1086 Words   |  5 PagesNurse Leadership Styles Rachel R Steanburg Lake Michigan College Abstract Nursing leaders are able to take on many different leadership styles in their management positions. Such types of leadership include Democratic style, Affiliative style, Transformational style and Authoritarian style. Leaders that are able to switch between different leadership styles are able to lead their teams in all different situations and will in turn gain the respect of their team. Nurse leaders need to lead in a wayRead MoreOrganizational Behavior By Robbins And Judge Leadership1656 Words   |  7 PagesBoth, management and leadership go hand in hand, but are not the same thing. It is very difficult to be in a high position, but only have success in one of the two factors. A manager maintains while a leader develops and inspires. The main difference between the two is that leadership encourages members of a group towards a new direction and goal, while management follows already constructed protocol to maintain success. In Organizational Behavior by Robbins and Judge, leader ship, â€Å"is defined as theRead MoreLeadership Styles And Their Preferred Language Of Appreciation1017 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction A leader in Human Resources (HR) Management must be a professional, dedicated to self-awareness and stewardship of the HR profession. Management leadership is an ongoing responsibility and an art that develops over time. According to the late George Terry (1981), the primary task of a manger is to enable a working environment that will induce and maintain an enthusiastic desire to accomplish work among employees (p. 90). Leadership progresses with experience, observation, andRead MoreWhat Makes A Good Leader?881 Words   |  4 Pagesthere are many leaders. Some of them are good leaders, while some of them probably should not be leading. But what makes a good leader? What qualities make one leadership style more effective than that of another. Leadership is less about your needs and more about the needs of the people and the organization. Leadership styles should be adapted to the demands of the situation, the requirements of the people involved, and the challenges facing th e organization involved. The main six styles focused onRead MoreChapter 4 : How We Communicate : Making Connections890 Words   |  4 Pages(2000). Leadership that gets results. Harvard Business Review. March-April. Pp. 78- 90. Siegel, D. Hartzell, M. (2003). Parenting from the inside out. Chapter 4: How we communicate: Making connections. New York: Penguin Books pp. 80-100. In the reading by Daniel Goleman, the six different type of leadership are described, and defined. The writer states the different types are Coercive, Authoritative, Affiliative, Democratic, Pacesetting, and Coaching (Goleman, 2000). â€Å"Coercive leaders demandRead MoreLeadership That Gets Results Essay1163 Words   |  5 PagesLeadership That Gets Results What Do Effective Leaders Do? â€Å"What do effective leaders do to remain effective?† was a question that I proposed to my Leadership Application Program Speakers Round Table Class. In response I received a number of answers from personality traits to emotional intelligence. Leadership is a word that can be defined in many different ways. In the article â€Å"Leadership That Gets Results† they take the time and breakdown the six different steps of leadership, the six stylesRead MoreEmotional Intelligence And The Mind Team1318 Words   |  6 Pagesgreat job of bringing out the best in his teammates and under his leadership, our team achieved our performance goals all of the five years that I spent in the Company. In hindsight, I realize that my boss possessed certain attributes that distinguished him and made us refer to him as an effective leader, especially since there where positive results to show for his leadership approach. As a result of my study of the article Leadership that gets results b y Daniel Goleman (2000), I realize that theseRead MoreLsi Results Assignment1536 Words   |  7 PagesD03454209 | LSI Style Interpretation | Leadership and Organizational Behavior | GM5910N_HProfessor Kenneth Goldsmith | Robert Neal White | 8/31/2011 | | After finishing the LSI Style Interpretation for this class I was identified as have the humanistic- encouraging style as my top style with a score of 38 which placed me in the top 93 percent of persons who took the interpretation. My second top style was the affiliative style in which I scored 37 and placed in the top 90 percentRead MorePersonal Leadership And Philosophy Style1574 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal Leadership and Philosophy Style Four years ago I wrote my first â€Å"Personal Philosophy of Leadership† paper. The personal leadership style I identified with, at that time, was the democratic style. I had chosen this style of leadership because of the teamwork, constructive criticism, motivation, good communication, dedication, and good attitude attributes of the democratic style. Four years later, being present time, I have learned and experienced a great deal more about leadership styles. I

Mkt 337 Free Essays

Company profile CFL (Core Finland ltd) which was found in 2006 in Finland. It’s a dynamic food marketing company. The present managing director of CFL is Joonas Turkama. We will write a custom essay sample on Mkt 337 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The main activates of this company is are importing, marketing and sales of first class products, which have the potential to grow big brands nationally as well as internationally. The mainly focusing on building brands in order to gain a long term success. CoreFinland’s main target groups are wholesale, retail trade and HoReCa -sector. They also build international partnerships, especially in Western-Europe and in the Baltic Sea region. In future they plan to expand their business activities particularly towards Russia, Germany and Sweden. The main product of this company is snacks and food product. It provides marketing and sales service both domestic and foreign by its long distribution channel (whole sale, Retail). It also provide some service like hosting, packaging, consulting by retail chain. Product CFL start producing â€Å"VEGE CHIPS† from 2011 under Rye snacks. Now a day in Europe people are more health concusses so that in Europe market people are like to choose healthy food rather than fast food. So that organic foods easily make a big market in Europe . VEGE CHIPS is completely healthy and organic food. It’s not only a snake’s people can use it as a regular food. Fat level in VEGE CHIPS is very low so that middle age people can take it as much as they want. No1: Developing market for â€Å"VEGE CHIPS† Our target market is two different countries Srilanka and Canada. These two countries are different from each other. They are totally different in socially and culturally. So our target market also different for these two countries. Country profile Srilanka: Population 1,481,334 (July 2011 est. ) Age structure 0-14 years:  24. 9% (male 2,705,953/female 2,599,717) 15-64 years:  67. 2% (male 6,993,668/female 7,313,440) 65 years and over:  7. 9% (male 720,219/female 950,916) (2011 est. ) Median age Total:  30. 8 years male:  29. 7 years female:  31. 8 years (2011 est. ) Canada: Population 34,300,083 (July 2011 est. ) Age structure 0-14 years:  15 . 7% (male 2,736,737/female 2,602,342) 15-64 years:  68. 5% (male 11,776,611/female 11,517,972) 65 years and over:  15. 9% (male 2,372,356/female 3,024,571) (2011 est. ) Median age Total:  41 years male:  39. 8 years female:  42. years (2011 est. ) Customer profile Our target is middle age people who are 18 above. Middle age people are more health concusses and the can make decision as their own. we believe that they will take our chips because its healthy and totally natural. If we can satisfy them they will influence other for chose our product. Srilanka: In srilanka we will target high society area like Colombo because they are more health concuss and they can easily effort healthy food without thinking for price. in their people lead busy life so if they got ready healthy food they can easily take it. We also target sea side area where tourist comes from different country. Canada: In Canada we will target is the whole country. Because they are reach enough and lead busy time. They also more health concusses and educated too. No 2: The Marketing Mix for â€Å"VEGE CHIPS â€Å" Srilanka| Canada| Product: Srilankan people like spicy food like as other Asian country so here we have to apply extra spicy chips with regular one. | Product: In Canada we use our regular healthy chips but we have to make it little bit sweet and salty| Place : We sell it in retail stall and all over the target location. Place: Super shop and large retail stall in super mall or market. | Promotion : Here we use TVC, Billboard commercial also in magazine , health magazine| Promotion : Here u use free tail, billboard, health magazine , bill board in bus train , taxi| Price: Small packet and medium, less amount off chips so that price can be reduce. | Price: Large and gorgeous packing so that we can keep premi um price. | Positioning: Less price because middle class people can afford it. | Positioning: High price because people get healthy food and it’s for higher class people. Process: We produce chips in srilanka | Process: We chose a well known distributer in Canada and export chips from Finland. | Physical evidence: Spicy chips with attractive shape of chips but packing will be less costly. | Physical evidence: Attractive packing with high costly and chips color is light. | People: Well dress up sellers and they are directly commutated because here we do direct marketing. | People: For make familiar we give cap, t-shirt to our distributor and give well amount of percentage for big sale. | No 3: Integrated marketing communication for â€Å"VEGE CHIPS: Srilanka| Canada | Step 1: Vege chips is completely new product for srilanka so our vision is gaining the one of best healthy food producer in there. Here we do mass marketing for promoting our chips in school, collage. Because in srilanka most of are middle class society people. | Step 1: As a new chip in Canada our vision is reach a respected position by providing healthy snacks in market. We gain it by providing healthy chips at a premium price. | Step 2: As we are new in Srilanka so we heir a add firm for adverting and provides them our survey report on target customers need expectation from snacks. We are new in here it’s a weakness for us but our strength is we are providing healthy and natural foods. For Asian region country here peoples like spicy foods so that we provides some spicy flavors chips. | Step 2: For promotion in Canada all work done by distributer as we choose distribution channel in here for providing our product. So here no need to full attention for determining customer profile. Expensive price is a weakness here but in other hand providing healthy food is our strength. Here chips will salty and little bit sweet. Step 3: Here we do our promotion by TVC, Billboard, and Health magazine. Our main massage is â€Å" Eat healthy chips at cheaper price â€Å"Our main objective is gain 25 % of the snacks market in a year. | Step 3: Our tag line is â€Å"Eat healthy, Live long â€Å". Here we do free trail, internet pop up , billboard in bus train. Here our object is gain 25 % of snack market in 2-4 year. | Step 4: We make our 40 % capital from Finland and other 60 % from native bank for build our factory in Srilanka. | Step 4: In Canada we import chips from Finland so we have do is send money in transport and tax. So the Budget is cheaper for Canada. | Step 5: By TVC here we do mass marketing for establish our product. Billboard marketing done by ad agency. For middle and higher class people here we have small packet and fewer amounts of chips. We can overcome our profit but less costly packaging. | Step 5: This chips is healthy, natural and unique. Here we chose a distribution channel to supply it in lager retrial store and mass marketing. We provide them healthy and natural food so the price is higher in here. We use gorgeous packaging. We provide product from Finland by this it’s easy to gain profit. Step 6: For a good progress we check out our monthly feedback from all kind of stores and retailer. We have to careful for breakeven point and overall sells for understood our current market situation. | Step 6: For Canada we have to careful in monitoring, evaluating and controlling to our distribution channel. We take all kind of information from them for understanding our market situat ion. | Assignment #1 ( Promotional marketing) Submitted to: Sherina Idrish Subject: MKT 337 Section: â€Å"8† Submitted by: Hossan momahmmed mishu ID: 102 0184 030 How to cite Mkt 337, Papers

I Will Always Swing free essay sample

Do you remember your old days when everything was new? When every day, even a rainy one, was a good day? Those days when there was always sun? I often catch myself trying to remember my old days. If Im depressed or sad or frustrated, I find it easier to look to the past than to deal with the future. My memories are my escape from my everyday problems, and my fondest are those of a boy I loved in kindergarten. His name was Rob, and when I was four, he was five (an older man). Well, I truly loved him. His dark hair and tan skin (which are now all I can remember) were beautiful to me. Every day I would hide in the bushes like a private eye, and watch him from across the playground. I knew everything about him: how he played kickball with his left foot, how much he hated dodge ball and hide and go seek, and how he created tiny masterpieces from sand. We will write a custom essay sample on I Will Always Swing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some days I would create my own masterpieces using my dreams of our life together. We had six children (Bobby, Cindy, Greg, Marsha, Peter, and Jan), one dog (Scooby-Doo), one cat (Garfield), and we lived (at first) in a small white house with a white picket fence. By the end of first grade we were living in a mansion. For months I tried to get his attention. I did balance beam routines better than Mary-Lou, I drew like Escher, I painted pictures that shamed Cezanne, and I did stand-up comedy better even than Rosie ODonnell. In the end though, I didnt make the Olympic team, my sketches were never famous, I didnt get my own exhibit at the art museum, Stand-Up Spotlight didnt call, and Rob never noticed me. Another girl would always catch his eye. She was the one with Gap clothes, better toys, tie sneakers (instead of Velcro), pink ribbons in her hair; she would always laugh and smile when Rob was nearby. But, for me, Gap clothes were too big, my brothers old toys were fine, Velcro shoes were all I had (I didnt know how to tie shoelaces), my favorite color wasnt pink, and Robs jokes werent that funny. So, I gave up. I accepted the fact that we would never be together; Rob would never notice me, and I was destined to go to a different school. But then one day, as he climbed onto the swing set, I noticed an empty swing next to my Rob. I could not resist the temptation. I climbed on and started to swing, feeling lighter than air just knowing I was next to him. And then our swings were in sync, we began to swing together! I was amazed, thinking that maybe now I would finally be noticed. However, just as I gained this hope, we drifted apart; as his swing took its own path, I was left alone, swinging by myself. A few months ago, I was left alone again, swinging by myself. My most recent Rob moved away; he found someone in his new town, another girl who has better toys perhaps. Ive seen pictures of her, and she has those pink ribbons I could never force myself to wear. She dresses in the latest fashions (Versace, Mizrahi, and Klein) which could easily beat my T-shirt and blue jeans style down the run way. Her hair shines like the sun when mine barely shimmers, and her black 1996 BMW 325 could run circles around my 1991 Honda Accord any day of the week. They all say she is beautiful, but I say so am I. After all, arent I the one who can do gymnastics? Am I not the one who can draw like Escher, and paint better than Cezanne? Didnt I learn anything from that day on the swing? Yes, I learned that I can continue to swing alone. I can walk onto the playground, climb onto the swing set, and, even if my Rob doesnt notice me, I will always be balancing like a gymnast, I will always be creating beauti ful art, I will always be making people laugh, and I will always be swinging.

The Civil Rights Movement/ Black Panther Party Essays -

The Civil Rights Movement/ Black Panther Party Most of us, being United States citizens, would like to believe that everyone in this country is living in conditions of utmost freedom and equality. Although according to the constitution this is true, anyone who has ever been the victim of oppression knows not to take equality for granted. Our society has slowly grown to accept the different types of people that live in our country; it is now a lot less common to see people's rights such as freedom and equality being abused. However, the influences of the past, when the living conditions were far less then equal for many groups of people, can still be witnessed today. A fine example of this could be seen through the way in which housing discrimination led to the colonization of Blacks into their own neighborhoods and communities, which eventually led to the creation of ghettos and gangs. Racism, in itself, is a belief that a person holds; it forces another being to be placed at a lower status within one's mind and in the society as a whole. Keeping Blacks and other minorities at a lower level was the principal state of mind for many of the whites during the early part of the twentieth century. This kind of mentality exists in our society till this day among certain groups of people. The cold and harsh manner with which the Blacks were treated takes us all the way back to slavery. Back in those days the majority of this country's population accepted it. The oppressed African Americans eventually began to become more organized and started to fight for the civil rights they deserved as citizens of the United States. Despite the attempts of the Civil Rights Movement, much damage was already done; unfortunately many minds were already tarnished with negative images of what the Black person was and could ever be. In spite of the fact that many Black people were working tow ards moving up and making a life for themselves, racism continuously kept them from advancing in the society. In the early part of the twentieth century racism placed a strong precedent for the way in which Blacks are today. After the civil war more and more free Blacks began to migrate north. They were seeking the possibility of ?better social and economic opportunities? (Abrams 10). The high hopes were soon brought back down, as the Blacks were welcomed to the cities by the overwhelming mentality of the masters looking down on their slaves. They encountered landlord after landlord turning them away because of their unwillingness to rent to Blacks and other newly migrated minorities. It was this constant refusal to integrate housing that eventually caused the creation of minority driven neighborhoods. Since the majority of the whites turned their backs on Blacks and the other minorities, African Americans were forced into forming the types of communities that contained people of their race and poor financial state. Many of them came looking to move ahead in their new lives that they were recently granted by the constitution; but they were only pushed to join the fairly new neighborhoods, which were slums compared to those inhabited by the dominating white residences. The reason for this type of segregation could be explained as another tool of racism for the white man's advantage. The effects of these neighborhoods were more damaging then the simple prevention of Blacks and other minorities from integrating with the whites. By zoning the individual into compartments determined by color, it excluded the opportunity for a fusion of interests. By confining children to separate neighborhood schools and playgrounds, it sharpened the lines of distinction and developed illusions of superiority?It was in housing that segregation received its greatest impetus and momentum. Once rooted there the segregation pattern spread unattested until the Negro ghetto became an accepted part of the American landscape (Abrams 7). ?Local authorities used every available weapon to keep the blacks divided; housing was simply the physical expression of this racial policy? (Rudwick 10). Even if a family was able to afford housing in a predominantly white neighborhood, they were still not allowed to move in there. Despite the slow improvement of their economic status Blacks

Fix a flat essays

Fix a flat essays Most people who drive cars experience a flat tire at least a few times throughout their lives, I have twice already. What makes it difficult is a lot of these people have no idea how to change a flat tire, so they call for assistance or for a tow truck. The first time somebody attempts to fix a flat tire it may seem daunting, but it is not difficult at all. Almost any driver can do it in less than fifteen minutes, which can be faster than it takes for a tow truck to show up. The first step when somebody gets a flat tire on the road is their safety. They should turn on the flashers to warn other motorists and then slowly and safely pull off of the road. The car should be parked away from traffic but someplace where it is still visible. Soft shoulders and inclines should be avoided. Next, put the transmission in park or in gear and apply the handbrake so that the car will not roll. To indicate to other drivers that you are in mechanical distress, open the hood of the car, place a warning triangle on the road, or set a few flares on the road if it is dark out. The spare tire can usually be found in the trunk of the car, along with a leverage pipe, jack, and a lug-nut wrench. Some vehicles might have the spare tire underneath the car and can be lowered usually from inside the trunk. A flashlight should be used if it is dark out. The leverage pipe is just a hollow pipe that can be used to help loosen a lug-nut that was previously tightened with an air ratchet. The rest of the wheels that are not flat should be chocked with a large rock or a log to help prevent the car from rolling. If the flat tire has a hubcap on it, it should be removed with a screwdriver to allow access to the lug-nuts. A lot of the newer types of cars have hubcaps that do not require a person to remove them for access to the lug-nuts. The lug-nut wrench should now be used to loosen the lug nuts on the flat tire, but do not totally remove them. This is...

American and Chinese Manufacturers in the Future Case Study - 2

American and Chinese Manufacturers in the Future - Case Study Example They are helping products move into quality and reduce prices. The American manufacturers can look for ways to reduce their costs so that they make products that are not expensive to the buyer. The manufacturers can cheap raw materials and make quality products. They can react fast to new technologies and make better products.   The American manufacturer can have high levels of secrecy in the production of its products. There should be no exposure of the technology they are working on. They should also release products into the market without staying for long in other countries like China. The Chinese cloners will not have time to make their clones and sell them as the first sellers. The American manufacturers can also work with the Chinese law enforcement groups to catch the cloners.   I do not think that we will all be forced to learn â€Å"Chinese manufacturing† 10 years from now. There will be changes in the manufacturing processes and new rules and manufacturing policies. This means that the world will not only see Chinese manufacturing as the only way to manufacture. The American manufacturing will also try to deal with challenges that cloners bring.   I think the federal government should talk with other governments from countries where counterfeits and cloning are high.

Issue reaction Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Issue reaction Paper - Essay Example In this case, it is evident that terrorism is responsible for economic losses, loss of life, and the failure to achieve world peace with terrorism instrumental in ensuring that the basic freedoms of people are not effectively achieved. Despite the issues raised by Mathew being important and requiring urgent attention, this essay posits that terrorism is the greatest threat not only in America, but in the world over. The September 11 attacks highlighted the identification of terrorism as the greatest threat in America. As a result, discourse was shaped around terrorism and other issues largely took a backstage with the department of defense remaining one of the most funded departments in the country in order to protect the America, its citizens, and its interests.2Nonetheless, Mathew indicates that the largest challenge, and threat, that the country faces is not terrorism, but it is with issues related to the health issues such as medical insurance, underage drinking, cancer, and inef fective gun control.3 It is evident that Mathew has a point on the importance of addressing these issues. Using the issue of gun control as an illustration, there has been a great concern in the country following various incidents of mass shootings that highlight the importance of strict rules that prevent shooting incidents in school and other places. To highlight the importance of tight rules in gun control, a man opened fire in Connecticut’s Sandy Hook Elementary School and killed about 27 people last year with 18 of these people being school children.4It is important to point out that this is one incident, among many other incidents, which highlight the importance of gun control in the country. Based on this evidence, it is crucial to point out that this issue remains a threat to America although it is not as a bigger threat than the threat posed by terrorism. Unlike incidents of gun use, terrorism incidents can cause great havoc not only to the current generation, but al so to future generations. Hence, I do not agree with the statement â€Å"Terrorism is not the Greatest Threat† since the threat posed by terrorism is much more than the threat posed by these other issues that Mathew highlighted. Terrorism is responsible for creating fear in the society, which contributes to low productivity in people since they live in constant fear. In a study conducted after the 9/11 attacks, a majority of people living in major cities were afraid when going to work since they did not know when terrorists would strike next.5Other than creating fear among the citizens of America and the world over, the economic losses resulting from terrorism are enormous. In this case, it is evident that terror activities bring enormous losses that affect the country’s economy. Alone, the 9/11 attacks contributed to a $3.3 trillion loss in the economy as pointed out by experts with these losses arising from the toll and physical damage, impact on the economy, and the cost of engaging in war in order to stop future attacks.6 From the foregoing, it is evident that there are other issues that are a threat to Americans. In this case, issues related to factors such as gun control, medical insurance, cancer, and many others are a threat to America. Importantly, these issues led to Mathew’

Fullerenes Synthesis Extraction and Purification

Fullerenes Synthesis Extraction and Purification There are many methods to synthesis C60 and C70 in gram quantities in the laboratory. In addition, higher mass fullerenes (larger fullerenes molecules) can be produced and isolated , albeit in very small amounts [1]. Most methods for generation of large quantities of fullerenes produce a mixture of impurity molecules and stable fullerenes. For this reason, fullerene synthesis must be followed by processes of extraction and purification of fullerenes from impurities according to mass [1]. Synthesis of Fullerenes: Fullerene molecules can be synthesized in the laboratory in a wide variety of methods, all involving the formation of a carbon- rich vapour [1]. Early methods used laser evaporation technique which produces very small quantities of fullerenes [1]. The later approaches involve an electric discharge between graphite electrodes in He gas [10]. Laser Evaporation Technique: This method was used in 1984 for the first time by Rohlfing and others [8]. They noticed that carbon cluster Cn with a huge number of carbon atoms (more than 190) could be produced [9]. In 1985 Kroto, Smalley and co- workers used this technique to generate and detect the most stable carbon clusters [7]. This method involves vaporization of carbon species from the rotating graphite disk into a high density helium, using a Nd:YAG laser operation at 532nm, (fig2). The resulting carbon clusters were analysised by time -of- flight mass spectrometry. The first observation of the mass of C60 was a 720 amu peak. Although this approach produces minute quantities of fullerenes, it is still essential if when we use later modification. This modification will help to heat the dusk of graphite. Therefore, it gives remarkable control of fullerene distribution and the generation of specific fullerenes [2]. Arc Evaporation: There is no doubt that this technique is an efficient way to produce gram quantities of fullerenes in the laboratory [1]. For the formation of fullerenes by this technique, an arc is struck between two graphite electrodes in atmosphere of 100~200 torr of He. The contact between the electrodes is maintained by the influence of gravity. The apparatus is surrounded by water to cool the soot to achieve the resulting soot which may contain approximately 10-15% of soluble fullerenes [2]. The first design by Wudl and co- workers used a pyrex cylinder for the vacuum shroud. Although this gives a suitable method for visual inspection of the graphite electrodes through the well, the glass cylinder is easily damaged. For this reason, it is appropriate to change it with a stainsteel cylinder with a window [1]. Fullerene Extraction: In this process of fullerenes production, soluble impurity molecules and insoluble nanoscale carbon soot are generated with soluble fullerenes. Two effective methods are used to extract the fullerenes from the soot [1]. Solvent Methods: Solvent method is the most common method is used to dissolve the fullerenes in benzene, toluene (preferred over benzene due to its toxicity is lower) or other suitable solvent. However, the solvent also contains other soluble hydrocarbon impurities [2]. It can be separated soot and other insoluble molecules from the solution by filtration. The early method used Soxhelt extraction in a hot solvent to remove fullerenes from the soot. This technique is used where the molecules to be extracted from the solid state are soluble in organic solvent, such as polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from coal. This apparatus consists of double thimble containing soot, fullerenes and other materials and at the bottom the solvent is boiled in the flask. The solvent vapors and rises to condense in the condenser unit, the solvent distills then the solution passes through the thimble wall. The solution which contains the extracted molecules returns to the flask. The molecules that are not soluble in the so lvent remain in the thimble. Another alternative method, the soot is separated in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at room temperature before sonicating the soot in an ultrasonic bath for 20 minute. Removing insoluble molecules by filtration and a rotary evaporator at 50Â °C are used to remove THF from the fullerenes. It can be noticed that the higher boiling point solvent and more polar isolate the higher mass fullerenes [1]. Sublimation Methods: It can be sublimated microcrystalline C60 and C70 powder at low temperature Ts~350Â °C (C60) and Ts~460Â °C (C70). For this reason, C60 and C70 can be separated directly from the soot without introducing solvents, such as benzene, toluene, carbon disulfide or hexane. This method provides a beneficial alternative to solvent extraction for some cases which are sensitive to contamination of solvent in the sample. In this approach, the raw soot is placed in a quartz tube and the whole apparatus is heated in a furnace. Dynamic pumping is preferred because it is likely the soot may contain polyaromatic hydrocarbons impurities. The raw arc soot in the end of tube is kept at the highest temperature T~600-700Â ° C. The higher mass fullerenes sublimate from the soot which then condenses in the colder section of the tube. Since the sublimation temperature of C70 and higher fullerenes are higher than that of C60, they will condense closer to the soot. The production of a C60 molecular beam fr om a microcrystalline mixture of C60 and C70 depends on the difference in sublimation temperature between C60 and C70. This microcrystalline mixture is placed in a dynamic vacuum and is heated above the sublimation temperature of C60. The sublimation rate for C60 in vacuum at T~400 Â °C is favored by a factor of 20 over that C70. A pure molecular beam of C60 can be obtained, because C70 is a factor of ~ 7 less abundant in arc soot than C60 [1]. Kratschmer et al [11] used the method of directly subliming fullerenes from the solid material. However, this does not provide pure fullerenes. Fullerene Purification: The previous methods of extraction may bring impurity molecules with the most stable fullerenes. The step of chemical purification must be carried out, if a pure fullerene microcrystalline powder or solution is desired. The step involves sublimation methods based on temperature gradients and solvent methods based on liquid chromatography. Fullerene purification means the separation of the different fullerenes in the fullerene extract into C60, C70, C76, C84 etc. Sensitive tools, such as liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), optical absorption spectroscopy and infrared [1]. Solvent Methods: The main technique for fullerene purification is liquid chromatography (LC). LC is a wet chemistry method which includes a solution ( called the mobile phase ) of a molecular mixture. This solution is forced to pass through a column filled with a high surface area solid (called the stationary phase ). The separation of fractions is verified qualitatively by the comparison of the observed optical spectra, vibration spectra and NMR data or by color ( magenta or purple for C60 in toluene and reddish- orange for C70 in toluene). Liquid chromatography separates molecules according to their weights. Moreover, this technique can be utilized to separate a single allotrope, such as C76, or to isolate isomers with different molecular shapes but having the same molecular weight, such as separating C78 with C2Ï… symmetry from C78 with D3 symmetry [1]. The liquid chromatography process involves chemical or physical interactions between a particular molecule and the stationary phase. This interaction reduces (or raises) the rate of migration for that molecule through the column or raises (or reduces) the retention time for that molecule. Remarkable chemical or physical differences for the molecular species, such as surface absorption, shape and mass are important to provide a clear chromatographic separation. Early approaches to C60, C70, and higher fullerenes purification included flash column chromatography of the raw fullerene in a column packed with neutral alumina as the stationary phase and hexane/toluene ( 95/5 volume % ) as the mobile phase. Although this process was found useful, it used abundant quantities of solvent that was difficult to recycle [1]. One of the first important development to this method was high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Philosophy of Truth Essay

There are many theories on the meaning of truth, and with those theories come beliefs and questions as to why one is more adequate than the others. The theory that I will discuss as the most adequate is the correspondence theory. Honestly, I don’t possess the capabilities to fully determine the most sufficient theory of truth. I do, however, have empirical evidence and solid reasoning to support the correspondence theory. There are many valid arguments and questions of this theory that I am not qualified to completely refute. For the sake of this essay I am only able to continue this age old discussion, not to conclude with an exact theory of truth to follow. First I will introduce the basic ideas of the correspondence theory and then I will show why I support these ideas. Then I will present what some other philosophers have said in regards to the correspondence theory and how I interpret these statements. To end, I will discuss the basic arguments against the correspondence theory, and show reasons as to why these arguments are applicable to any theory. The concept of the correspondence theory says that a statement is true only if the facts given match up with reality. (Solomon p. 268) This can be a very simple approach to determining the truth. The basic idea is that if, based on my understanding of reality, the statement given matches that reality then the statement is true. If the statement does not correspond to reality then it is false. A statement is a sentence that can be determined to be true or false but not both at the same time. So ultimately I use past experiences and beliefs to determine my concept of reality. Then, based on my idea of reality, I determine if a statement is either true or false. â€Å"To say of what is that it is not, or of what is not that it is, is false, while to say of what is that it is, or of what is not that it is not, is true† (Solomon p 268) This was Aristotle’s belief in Metaphysics and seems to be a very clear-cut statement on how to determine truth. Either a statement is true or false. The law of contradiction says that a statement and its denial cannot both be true. (Solomon p. 266) This reinforces the belief that a statement cannot be true and false at the same time. As Aristotle also said in Metaphysics â€Å"It is impossible for the same man to suppose at the same time that the same thing is and is not. † (Solomon p 266) This however, as some still argue, does not solve the problem that what may true to one, may be false to another. If reality is based on my experiences, then having different experiences can cause different perceptions of reality. The argument of whom or what would determine the final truth is well beyond my qualifications. This can cause a contradiction of truth. This contradiction, based on an individual’s idea of reality, is another concept that I am able to only understand and take a position. I do not have the final answers to these arguments but I do have a perspective. An individual’s concept of reality is unique to that individual. Based on ones’ experiences comes that person’s concept of reality. Just because someone’s experiences cause them to believe one truth, doesn’t mean they are wrong if I believe another truth. This idea of reality is what causes philosophers to discuss different theories of truth and their credibility’s on many different levels. These extreme cases and abstract ideas is where the correspondence theory draws in the critics. I feel that some of these arguments, though valid, are applicable to any theory. The first argument of this theory roots from the name itself. This argument of the correspondence theory states that â€Å"there is no such thing as a statement or belief that by itself is capable of corresponding to anything. † (Solomon p268) This means that mainly because our words have different meanings in different languages there is not one single statement that can â€Å"correspond† to anything. I feel that this is a weak argument in that it would mean that nothing can be true. There are many different languages and there is no single word I know of that is universal. This argument could be applied to any theory of truth. If what I say is not true to everyone, then it is false. That seems to be the basis of this argument and because of this belief nothing could be true. To me that is an outrageous and un-realistic argument. The next point critics of the correspondence theory make is that there in some cases may be physical implications with verifying correspondence. One example of this for me may be my diabetes. If I say â€Å"my blood sugar is low† the only way to verify if that is true is through the use of my glucose meter. Without the correct equipment there is no way to tell if that statement is true. (At least until I’m in a coma! ). To me this still seems to have a simple solution; the truth isn’t known until it can be verified. I truly do not know if my blood sugar is low until I have tested it. This may cause me to have to rely on another person’s statement but then I can only form an opinion. If I cannot verify the truth physically then I do not know if it is true. This brings up the next argument. The final point I will talk about is that of abstract ideas. Some people will argue that the correspondence theory does not â€Å"work† for abstract ideas, such as love and feelings. These are difficult to verify since they are mostly feelings. There is no concrete source to â€Å"match† them up with. To find the truth in these areas is very difficult with any theory of truth. The best answer I have to counter this objection is that the truth to these abstract ideas is unique to every individual and is really more of an opinion. If someone says â€Å"I am hungry† that is really more of an opinion than a statement. Therefore these claims cannot be either true or false, they are a feeling and that is not for me to judge as truth or not. This leads me to conclude that the correspondence theory is the most adequate theory for determining truth. As long as a belief or statement corresponds with my perception of reality then it is the truth. Though there are valid arguments against this theory I feel that they are a stretch and can be argued against any theory of truth. Bibliography Solomon, Robert, Introducing Philosophy, 8th edition, (Oxford University Press, NY 2005) pp266-279.

Learning and Memory Paper Essay

Human memory has been a significant interest concerning how people develop memory and process memory. Researchers and educators are diligently interested on the neuroanatomical neural processes related to learning and the current literature, neuroanatomical and neural processes related to memory and the current literature. In addition, the relationship between learning and memory form functional perspective. Researchers discuss the reasons learning and memory are interdependent, and have performed testing through case studies using animal studies because they are most useful and replicable studies for understanding the learning-to-memory-link. The examples from research help researchers with solving the mystery of the memory processes. Researchers discuss the importance of lifelong learning and brain stimulation to longevity and quality of life to obtain knowledge and how the human individual develops their capabilities to obtain memory and how memory can affect human behaviors. To u nderstand the functional relationship between learning and memory we must first define what both learning and memory is. Learning is described as â€Å"the acquisition of knowledge or skills through experience, practice, or study, or by being taught† (Merriam-Webster, 2011). While â€Å"Memory is the means by which we draw on our past experiences in order to use this information in the present† (Sternberg, 1999). Therefore, as one can tell memory is essential to all of our lives. Without a memory of the past, we cannot operate in the present or think about the future. We would not be able to remember what we did yesterday, what we have done today or what we plan to do tomorrow. Without memory, we could not learn anything. Learning and Memory are linked to cognitive abilities in both humans and animals. A well-known example to show the relationship between learning and memory is the classic rat in maze. Rats have been used in experimental mazes since at least the 20th century. Thousands of studies have examined how rat’s run different types of mazes, from T-maze to radial arm mazes to water mazes. These maze studies are used to study spatial learning and memory in rats. Maze studies helped uncover general principles about learning that can be applied to many species, including humans. Today, mazes are used to determine whether different treatments or conditions affect learning and memory in rats. To take a step further, According to Kolata al, 2005 case study the tasks that comprise the learning battery (e.g., Lashley lll maze, passive avoidance, spatial water maze, order discrimination, fear conditioning) were explicitly chosen so that each one places unique sensory, motor, motivational, and information processing demands on the animals. Briefly, performance in the Lashley lll maze depends on animals’ use of fixed motor patterns (egocentric navigation) motivated by a search for food. Passive avoidance is an operant conditioning paradigm in which the animals must learn to be passive in order to avoid aversive light and noise stimulation. The spatial water maze encourages the animals to integrate spatial information to efficiently escape from a pool of water. Odor discrimination is a task in which animals must discriminate and use a target odor to guide their search for food. Finally, fear conditioning (assessed by behavioral freezing) is a conditioning test in which the animals learn to associate a tone with a shock. We reported a positive correlation between the aggregate performance of individual outbred mice in the learning battery described above and their subsequent ability to accommodate competing demands on their spatial working memory capacity. Specifically, we observe that when mice required performing in two arm mazes concurrently (a manipulation intended to place demands on working memory capacity), their performance in the target maze positively correlated with their general learning abilities. These results are suggestive of a relationship between working memory capacity and general learning abilities in mice. Memory is the process by which information is saved as knowledge and retained for further use as needed. Neuroanatomy, is the study of a particular nerve and are located, or rather memory is stored diffusely through the structures of the brain that particularly in its original state. There are four neural structures that play a role in memory. For example, (1) hippocampus and (2) perirhinal cortex have roles in spatial and object memory and (3) the mediodorsal nucleus and (4) the basal forebrain are implicated in memory. The medial temporal lobe memory system, is part of the system for memory in the medial temporal lobe (MTL), this neural system consists of the hippocampus and adjacent anatomically related cortex, including entorhinal, perirhinal, and parahippocampal cortices. According to (Squire, Larry R.: Zola-Morgan, Stuart, 1991,)†These structures are essentially for establishing long-term memory for facts and events (declarative memory). The MTL memory system is needed to bind together the distrusted storage sites in neocortex that represent a whole memory. However, the role of this system is only temporary.†P1. When time goes on after learning, our memory stored in neocortex slowly and eventually becomes independent of MTL structures. Rats have been used in experimental mazes since at least the 20th century. Thousands of studies have examined how rat’s run different types of mazes, from T-maze to radial arm mazes to water mazes. These maze studies are used to study spatial learning and memory in rats. Maze studies helped uncover general principles about learning that can be applied to many species, including humans. Today, mazes are used to determine whether different treatments or retrieval is established, encoding processes that initiate priming and explicit memory have not yet been anatomically separated, and we investigate then using event related functional magnetic resonance imaging. According to (Schott, Bjorn H.: Richardson-Klavehn, Alan; Henson Richard N. A; Becker, Christine; Heinze, Hans-Jochen; Duzel, Emrah, 2006,)†Activations precedicting later explicit memory occurred in the bilateral medial temporal lobe (MTL) and left prefrontal cortex (PFC). Activity predicting later priming did not occur in these areas, but rather in the bilateral extrastriate cortex, left fusiform gyrus, and bilateral inferior PFC, areas linked with stimulus identification,† P 2. However, these areas showed response reductions, and researchers results, illustrated that priming and explicit memory have distinctive functional neuroanatomies concerning encoding with MTL activations being strictly for explicit memory, and influence that priming is initiated by sharpness of neural responding in stimulus identification areas, that are consistent with recent electrophysiological evidence regarding priming related neural oscillations at encoding. Lifelong learning and brain stimulation are essential to mental and physical health, especially in old age. Throughout life, learning is what allows us to adapt to new situations, and learn how to survive and thrive in our current environment at any given time. As we learn, our brain becomes more active, taking in new information and comparing it with old. The new data is either corroborated by the old, or there is a conflict, at which point we must use judgment to determine which information we should keep and what we should discard. Learning can never stop, or it would mean the end of growth, and possibly the end of life, for an individual. Our environment changes every day, and new stimuli are encountered. Even if we have knowledge of what cars and streets are, and know how to practice safety when they are near, we are presented with new combinations and variables on these constructs every day. We must constantly assess the people and places around us, analyze them, and apply any new information to what we already know. This process, some would argue, is what makes us alive, intelligent creatures at the top of our ecological food chain. As for quality of life, very little is more important than keeping the brain active. As we age, the brain and its synaptic processes slow down and decay. Older people are more prone to dementia and other degenerative diseases. Working word puzzles or simply keeping a part time job to occupy the brain and keep it active and learning can extend the quality of life for any aging individuals, doing the same thing, while young can have the same effect. Our mental health is tied closely to our survival and our quality of living. If we can keep our brain learning, it can stay active and alert much longer than if we sit in front of screens and stop learning early in life. Human memory has been a significant interest concerning how people develop memory and process memory. From inspirational design in testing using animals, such a mice and mice being the greater source of exp erimental advances in research in the investigation of memory and human subject use. Researchers have unfolded how memory is developed, through the experiments of these subjects. Although, there is still much more investigation greed towards how memory effects how we learn, to how we store memory and process memory. We must continue the investigation; whereas so many people suffer memory dysfunctions; due to human illnesses and diseases, such as Alzheimer’s, brain damage and learning process needs. Bio-psychologist, work closely with other fields of psychology, biological factors and psychological factors that play a role in the memory processes. Learning can be defined as the process in which one’s experiences are combined into memory. One type of the traditional learning is school learning; this is done by incorporating textbook facts in which is called declarative memory. Not only does one have declarative memory, but also learning of procedural memories. Declarative memory is an explicit memory, a type of long-term memory in which one will store memories of fact (Psychology Glossary). Having memories of things, such as when Columbus sailed to America or on what day and time your baby brother was born, one has declarative memories. Procedural memory is the most basic form of memory. For example, this type of memory is used for procedures or furthermore the basic associations between stimuli and responses (Psychology Glossary). Having the memory of riding a bike is an example of procedural memory. Once an individual has learned what the proper procedure for riding a bike, it is then stored within the procedural memory. The limbic system actually focuses on the frontal lobe and the hippocampus. This system communicates by shooting of the electrical impulses in one’s neurons (Morin 2009). The neurons then become accountable for the storing of information. Brain plasticity refers to the ability for nerve cells to change through new experiences. These neurons take the information when an individual has been exposed to the stimulus to be learned. The retrieving of information is somewhat of a different process, however still maintains some of the same comparisons. Retrieving information becomes an activity of â€Å"re-activating† of those neurons. For both the long-term memory and the short-term memory these types of memories are then stored into many different places. The long-term memory process ensures that an individual will store these memories permanently (Morin 2009). This includes the changes to the cell structure and the creation of the new and unused synapses. Synapses are the junction between the neurons where a neural cell will communicate with a target cell. This is done when translating stimuli into a storage system that is used by the brain, linking the encoded stimuli in the memory and then accessing the memory of the stimuli at the time when it is needed, otherwise known as encoding, consolidation, and retrieval. REFERENCES Kolata, S., Light, K., Townsend, D.A., Hale, G., Grossman, H.C., Matzel, L.D. (2005) Variations in working memory capacity predict individual differences in general learning abilities among genetically diverse mice. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 84:241–246. Learning. 2011. In Merriam-Webster.com. Retrieved Jan 16, 2013, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/learning Sternberg, R. J. (1999). Cognitive psychology (2 nd ed.). Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace College Publishers. Neuroanatomical Dissociation of Encoding Processes Relater to Priming and Explicit Memory. By: Schott, Bjorn H.: Richardson-Klavehn, Alan; Henson, Richard N. A.: Becker, Christine; Heinze, Hans-Jochen; Duzel, Emrah. Journal of Neuroscience. 1/18/2006, Vol. 26 Issue 3, p792-800, 9p. 5 The Medial Temporal Lobe Memory System Squire, Larry R.; Zola-Morgan, Stuart Science, Vol. 253(5026), Sep 1991, 1380-1386. doi: 10.1126/science. 1896849 Fernandez, A. (2007). Brain Exercise and Lifelong Learning for Alzheimer’s Prevention Alzheimer Disease. Article Directory – Find, Search, Reprint & Submit Articles for Free. Retrieved November 02, 2010, from http://www.articlesphere.com/Article/Brain- Exercise-and-Lifelong-Learning-for-Alzheimer-s-Prevention/94361 Salthouse, T. A. (2006). Mental Exercise and Mental Aging. Evaluating the Validity of the â€Å"Use It or Lose It† Hypothesis. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1(1), 68-87. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-6916.2006.00005.x Morin, Chrisophe; September 14, 2009 The Neural Basis of Learning Psychology Glossary; www.alleydog.com

life cycle of stars Essay - 2519 Words

LIFE CYCLE OF A STAR Stars are formed in nebulae, interstellar clouds of dust and gas (mostly hydrogen). These stellar nurseries are abundant in the arms of spiral galaxies. In these stellar nurseries, dense parts of these clouds undergo gravitational collapse and compress to form a rotating gas globule. The globule is cooled by emitting radio waves and infrared radiation. It is compressed by gravitational forces and also by shock waves of pressure from supernova or the hot gas released from nearby bright stars. These forces cause the roughly-spherical globule to collapse and rotate. The process of collapse takes from between 10,000 to 1,000,000 years. A Central Core and a Protoplanetary Disk: As the collapse proceeds, the†¦show more content†¦Stars like our Sun live for about 10 billion years. Stars less massive than the Sun have even longer life spans. The energy the star gains by fusing these atoms keeps it from collapsing. If a star is massive enough, it will fuse heavier and heavier atoms -- hydrogen to heluim, heluim to carbon, carbon to ... until ... elements are fused into iron. Fusing iron to form heavier elements actually requires energy, so the star would not gain anything by continuing fusion of iron atoms. Most of the stars life is spent fusing hydrogen into helium. Our sun has been doing this for some five billion years, and is expected to continue doing it for another five billion or so years. This hydrogen burning starts from the very center of the star, and moves its way out, leaving a core of helium behind. Low Mass Stars If the star is small enough (much less than the mass of our Sun), it never gets beyond hydrogen burning. This is because its central temperature never gets high enough to start fusing helium into carbon. Once such a star has used up most of its hydrogen, it will begin to cool and collapse into a quot;brown dwarfquot;. Intermediate Mass Stars Stars with masses close to that of our Sun (up to about five times the mass of our Sun) will experience helium-to-carbon burning in their cores. Outside the helium core, hydrogen will continue burning into helium. At this point, the outer layers of the star will expand to conserve energy --Show MoreRelatedLife Cycle of Stars2606 Words   |  11 PagesLIFE CYCLE OF A STAR Stars are formed in nebulae, interstellar clouds of dust and gas (mostly hydrogen). These stellar nurseries are abundant in the arms of spiral galaxies. In these stellar nurseries, dense parts of these clouds undergo gravitational collapse and compress to form a rotating gas globule. The globule is cooled by emitting radio waves and infrared radiation. It is compressed by gravitational forces and also by shock waves of pressure from supernova or the hot gas releasedRead MoreLife Cycle Ofthe Stars1483 Words   |  6 PagesTHE LIFE CYCLE OF THE STARS The Life Cycle of the Stars SCI 350 January 12, 2006 Abstract Stars come in many definitions and in many forms today, there are Rock Stars, Movie Stars, There is even star shaped cereal for children but the most important stars we have our in our solar system. Lets look at the stars in the sky and space their origins of birth there attributes of life and there accolades in death. The Life Cycle of the Stars To discover the stars origin we look for its definitionRead MoreThe Life Cycle of a Star Essay733 Words   |  3 PagesLife Cycle of a Star Our Sun is a perfect example of a star, and there is an incredible amount of stars in the Universe. It is a star among hundreds of billions of stars within our Milky Way Galaxy, and our galaxy is one of billions of galaxies in the universe. Stars live for a very long time; millions, billions, or tens of billions of years so we can never really observe the life of a star; its birth, life, and death. In determining the life cycle of a star, astronomers observe many of theRead MoreThe Process of The Life Cycle of A Star Essay972 Words   |  4 Pagesgalaxy, there are over 100 billion stars alone.† (â€Å"Extreme†). Each one of those stars is a factory which slowly builds the materials for the foundations of the universe (â€Å"Stars†). Stars are as varied as people. While they are all born the same way, they do not all die the same way. Some stars live fast and die young; others die slowly and quietly (â€Å"Extreme†). The life cycle of a star is violent, they churn, pulsate, and sometimes explode, but the products of its life are invaluable building blocks forRead MoreScience of Stars Paper1326 Words   |  6 PagesScience of Stars Paper Diana L. Mieltowski SCI/151 September 27, 2010 Robert Austin Science of Stars Paper In this paper I will explain how astronomers determine the composition, temperature, speed, and rotation rate of distant objects using various methods. I will explain the properties of stars. I will also summarize the complete lifecycle of the Sun and determine where the Sun is currently in its lifecycle. Measurement of Distant Objects Light is a type of energy. Light behaves likeRead More The Life of a Star Essay652 Words   |  3 Pages The Life of a Star One night while little Jimmy was out camping with his father, he asked his father how a star is made? And his father said there are high-mass stars, intermediate-mass stars, and low-mass stars. The life cycles of stars follow three general patterns each associated with a range of initial mass. Much like human beings stars have a life cycle, they go threw birth, evolution, and death. And little Jimmy said how is that possible? First the star must be born. Many astronomers believeRead MoreBCG Matrix and the Product Life Cycle1394 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: The BCG Matrix and the Product Life Cycle are two important tools that relate to different aspects of a product’s performance: †¢ The BCG looks at market share and market growth and how they impact on cash usage and generation. †¢ The PLC looks at sales/revenues over time and levels of profitability. Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix Businesses must keep their product offerings relevant and profitable to stay in operation. The Boston Consulting Group developed a tool, calledRead MoreThe Death Of A Star1241 Words   |  5 PagesHumans If a person was to be asked to describe our life stages, they would probably say something like â€Å"people are born, they live, and then they die.† Of course, they aren’t wrong, but we humans go through beautiful stages before reaching death. We go through stages such as infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. In many ways, Stars are just like humans. They also go through astonishing stages, all leading up to its death. The death of a star will probably be one of the most beautiful and terrifyingRead MoreSuperhero Element Essay1457 Words   |  6 Pagesits born in the star life cycle What is your element’s name, atomic number, and symbol? My element is Iron. It has an atomic number 26 and is expressed with a symbol as Fe. How was your superhero element formed (supernova, human made, low mass star’s death)? When a star is born, it is because it has enough mass to create enough heat, gravity and pressure to sustain nuclear fusion. Fusing hydrogen atoms to helium gives off enormous amounts of energy, and the star spends its life quietly fusing awayRead MoreTermar Neebula Made Out Of Stars Essay823 Words   |  4 Pageswhen it gets to the hot center it eventually becomes a star. Red Super Giant: A Red Supergiant is aning giant star that has consumed its core’s supply of hydrogen fuel.Helium has something in its core. Hydrogen is a undergoing nuclear fusion in other shells. Shells expand.The phases are diverse that are hard to believe that they are just the same star.During the various points of the star’s life,different things depending on the size.A large star and only with a mass of about ten solar unties will become